These ideas have finally been merged into a complete new conception
of the physical world, whose main features can be described as follows:
I.
-Our universe is a 3-dimensional elastic substrate which once has condensed
and now expands within some higher dimensional space (with dimension >=6).
-The elastic substrate is built from invisible 'tetron' constituents with
bond length about the Planck length and binding energy the Planck energy.(*)
-All ordinary matter quarks and leptons are quasiparticle excitations gliding
on the elastic tetron substrate.
-Since the quasiparticles fulfill Lorentz covariant wave equations, they perceive
the universe as a 3+1 dimensional spacetime continuum lacking a preferred rest system.
-Any type of mass/energy induces curvature on the spacetime continuum
as determined by the Einstein equations.
II.
-The 24 known quarks and leptons arise as excitations of a tetrahedral fiber structure,
which is made up from 4 tetrons and extends into 3 additional 'internal' dimensions.(**)
-While the laws of gravity are due to the elastic properties of the substrate,
particle physics interactions take place within the internal fibers,
with the characteristic interaction energy being the Fermi scale.
-The masses of quarks and leptons can be determined from a Heisenberg type of Hamiltonian
which describes the interactions of 2 neighboring tetrons.(***)
-3 of the quasiparticle excitations naturally have tiny masses, due to the
conservation of total internal angular tetron momentum, and correspond to the 3 neutrino species.
-As a consequence of the free rotatability of the tetron isospins over each base point
there is a local SU(2)xU(1) gauge symmetry.
-Electroweak spontaneous symmetry breaking takes place when neighboring tetron isospins
align (freeze out) at energies/temperatures below the Fermi scale.
-Weak parity violation arises from the handedness of the internal tetrahedrons.
-Finally, Higgs fields and gauge bosons are excitations of bound tetron-antitetron
pairs of neighboring fibers.
(*) Tetrons transform as the spinor representation 4 of SO(6) resp 8 of SO(6,1).
Details of the model like
symmetry breaking, distribution of charges and
mass generation are to be found in the following publications:
Space and Family, my first paper
on the subject, contains the main idea and a geometrical
interpretation, which is still relevant at this time
e.g. for inclusion of
gravity. Spacetime is considered discrete at very small distances,
with only permutation symmetry transformations remaining relevant.
When a fermion tetrahedron moves through a gravitational
field, the directions of its 4 tetrons are given by the 4-bein
which defines the gravitational field at that point.
World of Tetrons contains a first
approach to the formation of vector bosons from tetrons
Development of the Tetron Model
Some Remarks on the Tetron Spin Problem
The History of the Tetron Model (in german)
Chirality and Symmetry Breaking in a discrete internal Space,
Internal space is interpreted as a vibrating
'crystal' or 'molecule' with pyritohedral symmetry,
quarks and leptons being the normal modes of the vibrations.
Color and Isospin Waves from Tetrahedral
Shubnikov Groups, an important supplement of the previous paper,
in which internal spin waves are considered.
A microscopic Interpretation of the SM Higgs Mechanism,
an extension to include the whole Standard Model symmetry breaking in the model
A Microscopic Approach to Quark and Lepton Masses and Mixings,
an attempt to calculate the mass spectrum of quark and leptons. A newer and more elaborate
calculation can be found HERE.
Particle Physics and Cosmology in the Microscopic Model,
a complete review which includes also an interpretation of gravity in the tetron model
Some Conclusions to be drawn from the Tetron Model concerning Cosmology and Fundamental Constants:
... and here is the paper that summarizes the results:
Dark Energy and the Time Dependence of Fundamental
Particle Constants
My 2021 Talk at the 16th Marcel Grossmann Meeting in Rome gives a good
overview on the subject.
A naive philosophers view on COSMOLOGY
e-mail an: Lampe.Bodo@web.de
Research Interests and Activities
1. Leptoquarks
2. Top Quark Physics
3. Polarization Phenomena
4. QCD Effects
5. Substructure of Quarks and Leptons and a new Conception of the Universe
and the related problem of fermion families.
Recently I have put forward a new idea,
in which fermion and vector boson
states are constructed from constituents ('tetrons'),
which take the geometrical form of a tetrahedron or a cube.
The model encodes all observed structures
and phenomena of elementary particle physics in
group theoretic items of the tetrahedral group which
is isomorphic to the permutation group S4.
(**) Actually the tetrahedrons are formed by tetron isospin vectors and have a tetrahedral Shubnikov symmetry.
(***) The Hamiltonian can be written in terms of the tetron isospin vectors, see the enclosed review talk.
General Relativity from Elasticity of Tetron Bonds
Space and Time Dependence of Fundamental Constants
About the Value 1/137 of the Fine Structure Constant
2007
2008a
2008b
2009
2010
2011
2012/13
2013
2014a
2014b
2015/16
2018 QCD and the tetron model
2018 fundamental tetron interactions
other Publications: follow this link
or this link
Biographical Notes
wissenschaftskritische Arbeiten